{"id":18620,"date":"2022-12-01T11:10:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-01T10:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/2025\/07\/rust-trhu-s-morskymi-vetrnymi-elektrarnami\/"},"modified":"2025-07-30T17:37:39","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T15:37:39","slug":"rust-trhu-s-morskymi-vetrnymi-elektrarnami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/2022\/12\/rust-trhu-s-morskymi-vetrnymi-elektrarnami\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u016fst trhu s mo\u0159sk\u00fdmi v\u011btrn\u00fdmi elektr\u00e1rnami"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Evropsk\u00e1 unie chce do roku 2030 zv\u00fd\u0161it kapacitu v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 na mo\u0159i na nejm\u00e9n\u011b 60 gigawatt\u016f. Spole\u010dnost Freudenberg Sealing Technologies (FST) pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi t\u011bsnic\u00edmi \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi pro z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 konstrukce zajistit, aby nov\u00e9 v\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny dos\u00e1hly \u017eivotnosti 30 let nebo v\u00edce navzdory drsn\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m na mo\u0159i. <\/p>\n\n

Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rychlost v\u011btru, kter\u00e1 kdy byla nam\u011b\u0159ena v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m Severn\u00edm mo\u0159i, byla 191 kilometr\u016f za hodinu. Je pravda, \u017ee v\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny postaven\u00e9 v mo\u0159i se vyp\u00ednaj\u00ed ji\u017e p\u0159i v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch rychlostech v\u011btru. Turb\u00edny v\u0161ak mus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopny odolat obrovsk\u00fdm sil\u00e1m hurik\u00e1nu za v\u0161ech okolnost\u00ed – po celou dobu sv\u00e9 \u017eivotnosti. D\u016fle\u017eitou roli p\u0159itom hraj\u00ed z\u00e1klady pou\u017eit\u00e9 k ukotven\u00ed v\u011b\u017e\u00ed k mo\u0159sk\u00e9mu dnu. V m\u011blk\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch, jak\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v Severn\u00edm a Baltsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i, se k tomu obvykle pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tzv. monopily. Jedn\u00e1 se o ocelov\u00e9 piloty, kter\u00e9 jsou zara\u017eeny do mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho dna a jejich\u017e horn\u00ed konec je nad hladinou vody. V\u011b\u017e, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee u 10megawattov\u00e9 turb\u00edny dosahovat v\u00fd\u0161ky a\u017e 150 metr\u016f po n\u00e1boj rotoru, nen\u00ed obvykle namontov\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edmo na pil\u00ed\u0159i, ale je podep\u0159ena spojovac\u00edm prvkem – p\u0159\u00edrubou. P\u0159\u00edruba je upevn\u011bna n\u011bkolika des\u00edtkami \u0161roub\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou po instalaci v\u011b\u017ee nep\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9 pro jakoukoli \u00fadr\u017ebu. Aby \u0161roubov\u00fd spoj navzdory drsn\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed na mo\u0159i nekorodoval, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bn proti vnik\u00e1n\u00ed vlhkosti. T\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed FST ji\u017e pln\u00ed tento d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd \u00fakol u v\u00edce ne\u017e 800 v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn na mo\u0159i. <\/p>\n\n

Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed funkci pln\u00ed t\u011bsnic\u00ed krou\u017eek na horn\u00edm konci pil\u00ed\u0159e: uzav\u00edr\u00e1 vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st spojovac\u00edho d\u00edlu, kter\u00fd podp\u00edr\u00e1 \u0161roubov\u00fd spoj. Toto p\u0159\u00edrubov\u00e9 t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed se zkratkou MP-TP (Monopile-Transition-Piece) m\u016f\u017ee u modern\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f dosahovat pr\u016fm\u011bru osm a\u017e deset metr\u016f. Ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let nab\u00edz\u00ed spole\u010dnost FST toto t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 ve dvojit\u00e9m proveden\u00ed. Hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhodou dvou\u0159ad\u00e9ho proveden\u00ed je v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 redundance, jak vysv\u011btluje odborn\u00edk spole\u010dnosti Freudenberg Manuel Hille: „Dojde-li b\u011bhem p\u0159epravy nebo instalace k drobn\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed jednoho z obou t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed, je jeho funkce st\u00e1le zaru\u010dena. Krom\u011b toho lze optim\u00e1ln\u011b kombinovat r\u016fzn\u00e1 proveden\u00ed a materi\u00e1ly.“ <\/p>\n\n

U standardn\u00edch konstrukc\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 mezi spodn\u00edm koncem spojovac\u00edho prvku a pil\u00ed\u0159em mezera. Jedno nebo dv\u011b kruhov\u00e1 t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed se vzduchov\u00fdmi komorami, kter\u00e1 jsou konstruov\u00e1na jako pru\u017en\u00e9 vlnolamy, zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee dovnit\u0159 nepronikne mo\u0159sk\u00e1 voda. Pokud je mezera vypln\u011bna cementem, m\u016f\u017ee krou\u017ekov\u00e9 t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed udr\u017eet cement v po\u017eadovan\u00e9 poloze b\u011bhem tvrdnut\u00ed a chr\u00e1nit jej p\u0159ed pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u016fsoben\u00edm slan\u00e9 vody. Krom\u011b toho mohou b\u00fdt \u00fadr\u017ebov\u00e9 plo\u0161iny, kter\u00e9 jsou \u010dasto instalov\u00e1ny nad vodn\u00ed hladinou uvnit\u0159 monopilotu, chr\u00e1n\u011bny proti vnik\u00e1n\u00ed plyn\u016f pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u011b navr\u017een\u00e9ho t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed. Tyto plyny mohou v molu vznikat v d\u016fsledku biologick\u00fdch proces\u016f v mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vod\u011b. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Navr\u017eeno pro dlouhou \u017eivotnost<\/h2>\n\n

O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 \u017eivotnost sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn na mo\u0159i se v posledn\u00edch letech prudce zv\u00fd\u0161ila. Zat\u00edmco p\u016fvodn\u011b se za dobrou hodnotu pova\u017eovalo 25 let, nyn\u00ed se navrhuje a\u017e 35 let. Tak dlouhou \u017eivotnost nelze zaru\u010dit pouze zkou\u0161kami na zku\u0161ebn\u00edch stolic\u00edch. Freudenberg proto extrapoluje v\u00fdsledky intenzivn\u00edch z\u00e1t\u011b\u017eov\u00fdch test\u016f, kter\u00e9 se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed po dobu \u0161esti t\u00fddn\u016f pomoc\u00ed upraven\u00e9ho Arrheniova algoritmu. Tato metoda, pojmenovan\u00e1 po \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9m chemikovi a nositeli Nobelovy ceny Svante Augustu Arrheniovi, byla v posledn\u00edch letech odborn\u00edky spole\u010dnosti Freudenberg d\u016fsledn\u011b d\u00e1le rozv\u00edjena. V\u00fdrazn\u011b zdokonalili model \u017eivotnosti t\u00edm, \u017ee propojili chemick\u00e9 a fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vlivy se struktur\u00e1ln\u011b-mechanick\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm materi\u00e1lu. <\/p>\n\n

„80 procent v\u0161ech v sou\u010dasnosti pl\u00e1novan\u00fdch mo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u011btrn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren je zalo\u017eeno na jednop\u00f3lov\u00e9 technologii,“ odhaduje Marcel Schreiner, kter\u00fd je ve spole\u010dnosti FST zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za prodej v energetick\u00e9m sektoru. „Je to pro n\u00e1s d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd r\u016fstov\u00fd trh.“ Podle odborn\u00edka hovo\u0159\u00ed ve prosp\u011bch v\u011bnov\u00e1n\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornosti \u017eivotnosti p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru komponent tak\u00e9 trend st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch turb\u00edn – pro rok 2030 se hovo\u0159\u00ed o jmenovit\u00fdch v\u00fdkonech 20 megawatt\u016f. <\/p>\n

\r\n
\r\n \r\n <\/i>\r\n <\/a>\r\n <\/span>\r\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evropsk\u00e1 unie chce do roku 2030 zv\u00fd\u0161it kapacitu v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 na mo\u0159i na nejm\u00e9n\u011b 60 gigawatt\u016f. Spole\u010dnost Freudenberg Sealing Technologies (FST) pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi t\u011bsnic\u00edmi \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi pro z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 konstrukce zajistit,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":18621,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1296],"tags":[1494],"powerkit_post_featured":[],"class_list":["post-18620","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-zakaznicke-vrstvy","tag-vydani-01_2023-d"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18620","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18620"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18620\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18626,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18620\/revisions\/18626"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18621"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18620"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18620"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18620"},{"taxonomy":"powerkit_post_featured","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/powerkit_post_featured?post=18620"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}