{"id":15378,"date":"2024-11-25T10:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T09:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/2025\/07\/mobilita-setrna-ke-klimatu\/"},"modified":"2025-07-30T15:52:22","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T13:52:22","slug":"mobilita-setrna-ke-klimatu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/2024\/11\/mobilita-setrna-ke-klimatu\/","title":{"rendered":"Mobilita \u0161etrn\u00e1 ke klimatu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Vod\u00edkov\u00e9 motory a palivov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky, stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e9 alternativn\u00ed pohony, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed mobilitu bez emis\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho. Spole\u010dnost Freudenberg Sealing Technologies (FST) podporuje ob\u011b technologie vhodn\u00fdmi t\u011bsnic\u00edmi \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi. <\/p>\n\n

Alternativn\u00ed pohony by m\u011bly umo\u017enit mobilitu \u0161etrnou ke klimatu. Krom\u011b bateriov\u00fdch elektromobil\u016f se velk\u00e9 nad\u011bje vkl\u00e1daj\u00ed do vod\u00edkov\u00fdch pohon\u016f. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed vozidla s palivov\u00fdmi \u010dl\u00e1nky i vozidla se spalovac\u00edmi motory. FST m\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit ob\u011bma s t\u011bsn\u00edc\u00edmi \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi. <\/p>\n\n

Profesor Eberhard Bock je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee „vod\u00edkov\u00fd ho\u0159\u00e1k bude standardn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch n\u00e1kladn\u00edch vozidel a autobus\u016f“. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee palivov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek je jinak na jazyku v\u0161ech, m\u016f\u017ee tento n\u00e1zor viceprezidenta pro technologie a inovace FST zn\u00edt odv\u00e1\u017en\u011b. Podporuj\u00ed ho v\u0161ak v\u00fdrobci motor\u016f. Koneckonc\u016f \u0159ada zn\u00e1m\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f spalovac\u00edch motor\u016f pracuje na v\u00fdvoji vod\u00edkov\u00fdch motor\u016f. D\u016fvod je z\u0159ejm\u00fd; jedn\u00e1 se o perspektivn\u00ed technologii a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd v\u00fdrobce nechce z\u016fstat pozadu, jakmile vod\u00edkov\u00e1 ekonomika nabere na obr\u00e1tk\u00e1ch. Dodavatel\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed proces v\u00fdvoje vhodn\u00fdmi produkty, tak\u017ee spalovac\u00ed motory ji\u017e nebudou poh\u00e1n\u011bt pouze nafta a benz\u00edn, ale tak\u00e9 vod\u00edk. <\/p>\n\n

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„Potenci\u00e1l vod\u00edkov\u00e9ho motoruspo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve zku\u0161enostech s konven\u010dn\u00edm spalovac\u00edm motorem.“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Profesor Eberhard BockViceprezident pro technologie a inovace<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

\u00daprava spalovac\u00edho motoru<\/h2>\n\n

Nakonec je polo\u017een z\u00e1klad pro n\u011bco, co se p\u0159i bli\u017e\u0161\u00edm pohledu zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt logick\u00e9. Potenci\u00e1l vod\u00edkov\u00e9ho motoru spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve zku\u0161enostech z\u00edskan\u00fdch s konven\u010dn\u00edm spalovac\u00edm motorem,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Bock. Spalovac\u00ed motory se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 let a z technologick\u00e9ho hlediska jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za vysp\u011bl\u00e9. „Existuje dostatek odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed a specialist\u016f, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vod\u00edkov\u00e9 motory vyv\u00edjet a optimalizovat s relativn\u011b mal\u00fdm \u00fasil\u00edm,“ je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den \u010destn\u00fd profesor Technick\u00e9 univerzity v Kaiserslauternu. Koneckonc\u016f v\u00fdrobci motor\u016f z N\u011bmecka a USA ned\u00e1vno p\u0159edstavili v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 modely a usiluj\u00ed o jejich s\u00e9riovou v\u00fdrobu. P\u0159itom vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed komponenty, kter\u00e9 mohou snadno p\u0159evz\u00edt z klasick\u00fdch spalovac\u00edch motor\u016f. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak museli a mus\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsobit komponenty, jako jsou hlavy v\u00e1lc\u016f, p\u00edsty, p\u00edstn\u00ed krou\u017eky a vst\u0159ikovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m, vod\u00edkov\u00e9mu palivu. Mimo jin\u00e9 mus\u00ed vz\u00edt v \u00favahu, \u017ee teploty ve vod\u00edkov\u00fdch motorech mohou b\u00fdt vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ve spalovac\u00edch motorech. <\/p>\n\n

Ve prosp\u011bch v\u00fdroby vod\u00edkov\u00fdch model\u016f hovo\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 lze s p\u0159ijateln\u00fdmi investicemi upravit pro ho\u0159\u00e1k H2<\/sub>. Krom\u011b toho jsou dob\u0159e zavedeny dod\u00e1vky materi\u00e1l\u016f a dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce a nejsou zapot\u0159eb\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly. Ned\u00e1vno p\u0159edstaven\u00e9 vod\u00edkov\u00e9 motory dosahuj\u00ed v\u00fdkonu kolem 300 kilowatt\u016f (kW) a kroutic\u00edho momentu p\u0159es 1 000 newtonmetr\u016f (Nm). To je dostate\u010dn\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed motor\u016f v zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch a stavebn\u00edch stroj\u00edch. Jsou vhodn\u00e9 i pro stacion\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9my. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v tepl\u00e1rn\u00e1ch a elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch a jako gener\u00e1tory nouzov\u00e9 energie. Pro tyto aplikace se ji\u017e vyv\u00edjej\u00ed motory s v\u00fdkonem a\u017e 1 000 kW a 5 000 Nm. Tyto dvan\u00e1ctiv\u00e1lcov\u00e9 motory maj\u00ed zdvihov\u00fd objem a\u017e 50 litr\u016f a maj\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvat tak\u00e9 v d\u016fln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu. <\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdhody vod\u00edkov\u00fdch pohon\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Porovn\u00e1me-li vozidla s bateriov\u00fdm elektrick\u00fdm pohonem s vozidly poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdmi vod\u00edkov\u00fdm motorem, z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed tato vozidla body v \u0159ad\u011b relevantn\u00edch kategori\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee po\u0159izovac\u00ed cena je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, i kdy\u017e \u00fadr\u017eba bude dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho jsou vozidla s H2 pohonem<\/sub> leh\u010d\u00ed, lze je rychleji tankovat a dosahuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho dojezdu. A jakmile bude vybudov\u00e1na rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 vod\u00edkov\u00e1 infrastruktura v\u010detn\u011b s\u00edt\u011b \u010derpac\u00edch stanic, zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed se i mo\u017enosti prodeje automobil\u016f s vod\u00edkov\u00fdmi motory. <\/p>\n\n

\u00da\u010dinnost vod\u00edkov\u00fdch motor\u016f je v\u0161ak m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e1. Ud\u00e1v\u00e1, jak vysok\u00e1 je vyu\u017eiteln\u00e1 energie v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s investovanou energi\u00ed. \u00da\u010dinnost bateriov\u00fdch elektromobil\u016f dosahuje a\u017e 85 %. Naopak diesel dosahuje jen necel\u00fdch 50 procent, i kdy\u017e jeden \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd v\u00fdrobce se ned\u00e1vno proslavil s \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed 53 procent. Ho\u0159\u00e1k H2<\/sub> dosahuje dobr\u00fdch 40 procent s potenci\u00e1lem ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed. \u00da\u010dinnost palivov\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku, kter\u00fd rovn\u011b\u017e funguje na vod\u00edk, je p\u0159es 60 procent. <\/p>\n\n

Technologick\u00e1 otev\u0159enost pro udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 pohony<\/h2>\n\n

Bez ohledu na to, zda se jedn\u00e1 o palivov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek nebo vod\u00edkov\u00fd motor, v\u0161ak Bock doporu\u010duje otev\u0159enost v\u016f\u010di technologi\u00edm: „Ka\u017ed\u00fd pohon, kter\u00fd je udr\u017eiteln\u00fd, by m\u011bl b\u00fdt v\u00edt\u00e1n.“ V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vod\u00edkov\u00e9ho pohonu to p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 ekologickou v\u00fdrobu vod\u00edku. Palivov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek je dnes ji\u017e vysoce rozvinutou technologi\u00ed. I pro n\u011b plat\u00ed v\u00fdhody rychl\u00e9ho dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed paliva a v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho dojezdu. Trh pro n\u011b existuje i v t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 n\u00e1kladn\u00ed doprav\u011b, logistick\u00fdch vozidlech a autobusech. „Ve spole\u010dnosti FST ji\u017e dlouho pracujeme na \u0159e\u0161en\u00edch t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy pohon\u016f. Pom\u00e1h\u00e1me tak v\u00fdrobc\u016fm spole\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nebo standardizovan\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Bock. <\/p>\n\n

Vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 a vyhled\u00e1van\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly<\/h2>\n\n

Renomovan\u00ed v\u00fdrobci a dodavatel\u00e9 p\u0159istupuj\u00ed k FST jako k samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9mu \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v oblasti t\u011bsnic\u00ed techniky. V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b proto, \u017ee krom\u011b spolehlivosti procesu a odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed p\u0159i navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrobk\u016f je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed i spr\u00e1vn\u00fd materi\u00e1l. „V\u017edy jsme na\u0161li t\u011bsnic\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro slo\u017eit\u00e9 situace. A\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o spalovac\u00ed motor nebo palivov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Bock. „Do karet n\u00e1m hraje, \u017ee m\u00e1me patenty na materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 jsou osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9.“ Nap\u0159\u00edklad v oblasti palivov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f se standardn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 polyolefin pro palivov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky (FCPO). Na rozd\u00edl od b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch gum\u00e1rensk\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed tento materi\u00e1l neuvol\u0148uje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. To je v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 pro palivov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd na tyto vlivy reaguje velmi citliv\u011b, co\u017e vede ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdkonu. Nav\u00edc i mal\u00e9 a t\u011bkav\u00e9 molekuly vod\u00edku proch\u00e1zej\u00ed trvanliv\u00fdm a tepeln\u011b odoln\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem jen velmi pomalu. <\/p>\n\n

Pro vod\u00edkov\u00fd motor je z\u0159ejmou volbou jin\u00fd materi\u00e1l na b\u00e1zi FKM vyvinut\u00fd ve firm\u011b. Dob\u0159e zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 teploty a\u017e 200 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia, co\u017e je pro ho\u0159\u00e1k H2<\/sub> ide\u00e1ln\u00ed. Je tak\u00e9 stejn\u011b odoln\u00fd a nepropustn\u00fd jako FCPO, spolu s vysokou odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di chladic\u00edm kapalin\u00e1m a kyselin\u00e1m. V\u0161echny tyto vlastnosti umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed v upravovan\u00fdch komponent\u00e1ch, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad vst\u0159ikovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m. <\/p>\n\n

Firmy vedou, politici je mus\u00ed n\u00e1sledovat<\/h2>\n\n

Aby se vod\u00edkov\u00e9 pohony staly d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm faktorem, z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed podle Bocka na politic\u00edch. „Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed bude, aby rychle a rozhodn\u011b zprovoznili infrastrukturu pro vod\u00edkov\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.“ T\u00edm sp\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee mnoho zem\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b realizuje vod\u00edkov\u00e9 projekty a z\u0159izuje v\u00fdrobn\u00ed a distribu\u010dn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. „A\u0165 u\u017e jde o Austr\u00e1lii, D\u00e1ln\u00fd v\u00fdchod nebo Severn\u00ed Ameriku, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b proud\u00ed do vod\u00edkov\u00fdch projekt\u016f na mnoha m\u00edstech velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz. My v N\u011bmecku si mus\u00edme d\u00e1vat pozor, abychom neprop\u00e1sli lo\u010f. Proto\u017ee m\u00e1me spoustu dobr\u00fdch n\u00e1pad\u016f, ale zat\u00edm je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pomalu realizujeme.“ <\/p>\n\n

Proto bude velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, abyste si udr\u017eeli sv\u00e9 ambice. T\u00edm sp\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed podcenili \u00fasil\u00ed a \u010das pot\u0159ebn\u00fd k realizaci. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 bude prok\u00e1zat vytrvalost. Bock je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee jen tak lze dos\u00e1hnout \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu na energetiku a dekarbonizace, kdy doprava nebude vy\u017eadovat paliva na b\u00e1zi uhl\u00edku. „Na\u0161\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hnac\u00ed silou mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na\u0161e pov\u011bdom\u00ed o klimatu,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. „Aby se tento pohon projevil ve v\u0161ech oblastech, mus\u00ed st\u00e1t poskytovat pob\u00eddky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad vysokoudan\u00ed z CO2<\/sub>, dotovan\u00fdm zelen\u00fdm vod\u00edkem a podporou komplexn\u00ed vod\u00edkov\u00e9 infrastruktury.“ <\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdrobci a dodavatel\u00e9 motor\u016f, jako je FST, ji\u017e vyv\u00edjej\u00ed praktick\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro vod\u00edkov\u00fd pohon, kter\u00e1 neust\u00e1le zdokonaluj\u00ed. Proto\u017ee, jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Bock? Vod\u00edkov\u00fd ho\u0159\u00e1k p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed. Jeho v\u00fdhody jsou p\u0159ece z\u0159ejm\u00e9. <\/p>\n

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\r\n \r\n <\/i>\r\n <\/a>\r\n <\/span>\r\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vod\u00edkov\u00e9 motory a palivov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky, stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e9 alternativn\u00ed pohony, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed mobilitu bez emis\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho. Spole\u010dnost Freudenberg Sealing Technologies (FST) podporuje ob\u011b technologie vhodn\u00fdmi t\u011bsnic\u00edmi \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi. Alternativn\u00ed pohony by…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15379,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1325,731],"tags":[1397],"powerkit_post_featured":[],"class_list":["post-15378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-vodik","category-weinheim-cs","tag-vydani-01_2025-d"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15378"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15381,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15378\/revisions\/15381"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15378"},{"taxonomy":"powerkit_post_featured","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/powerkit_post_featured?post=15378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}