{"id":14791,"date":"2024-11-25T10:50:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T09:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/2025\/07\/2k-jako-nejvyssi-disciplina\/"},"modified":"2025-07-23T16:26:07","modified_gmt":"2025-07-23T14:26:07","slug":"2k-jako-nejvyssi-disciplina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/2024\/11\/2k-jako-nejvyssi-disciplina\/","title":{"rendered":"2K jako nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed discipl\u00edna"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Elektrol\u00fdza: Spole\u010dnost Freudenberg Sealing Technologies (FST) nab\u00edz\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm t\u011bsnic\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro t\u0159i p\u0159edn\u00ed technologie.<\/p>\n\n

Udr\u017eiteln\u00fd energetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m budoucnosti zn\u00ed ve t\u0159ech jednoduch\u00fdch v\u011bt\u00e1ch velmi jednodu\u0161e: elektrolyz\u00e9ry \u0161t\u011bp\u00ed vodu na vod\u00edk a kysl\u00edk pomoc\u00ed zelen\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny. Energie ulo\u017een\u00e1 ve vod\u00edku se pozd\u011bji p\u0159em\u011bn\u00ed zp\u011bt na elektrickou energii v palivov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch. V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 elekt\u0159ina nakonec poh\u00e1n\u00ed vozidla, syst\u00e9my vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed budov, ocel\u00e1rny nebo chemick\u00e9 z\u00e1vody. <\/p>\n\n

V praxi je z\u00e1klad cel\u00e9 v\u011bci, tedy ekologick\u00e1 v\u00fdroba vod\u00edku formou elektrol\u00fdzy vody, st\u00e1le v plenk\u00e1ch. Rozv\u00edj\u00ed se v\u0161ak. „Pevn\u011b v\u011b\u0159\u00edm v zelen\u00fd vod\u00edk jako v jedno z odv\u011btv\u00ed budoucnosti,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Artur M\u00e4hne, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed mana\u017eer segmentu vod\u00edkov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eitou roli p\u0159isuzuje spole\u010dnosti FST jako v\u00fdvojov\u00e9mu partnerovi pro v\u00fdrobce elektrolyz\u00e9r\u016f. Koneckonc\u016f elektrolyz\u00e9ry vy\u017eaduj\u00ed stovky t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed v kom\u00ednech a \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch, podobn\u011b jako palivov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky. Spole\u010dnost FST disponuje odborn\u00fdmi znalostmi v oblasti materi\u00e1l\u016f, v\u00fdroby a proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 j\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vyv\u00edjet tato t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed aplikace a vyr\u00e1b\u011bt je v mal\u00fdch i velk\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00edch. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"
Kovov\u00fd r\u00e1m elektrolyz\u00e9ru je uzav\u0159en elastomerov\u00fdm t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00edm.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

AEL, PEM nebo AEM?<\/h2>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>
\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se paraleln\u011b zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 technologie elektrol\u00fdzy. „Ve FST se zam\u011b\u0159ujeme p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na technologie PEM a AEM. Zde m\u00e1me hlubok\u00e9 znalosti aplikac\u00ed, silnou pozici z hlediska materi\u00e1l\u016f a velmi dobr\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup na trh. U t\u0159et\u00edho pro n\u00e1s relevantn\u00edho procesu, alkalick\u00e9 elektrol\u00fdzy (AEL), intenzivn\u011b pracujeme na chemick\u00e9 odolnosti t\u011bsnic\u00edho materi\u00e1lu v\u016f\u010di alkalick\u00e9mu roztoku pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9mu jako elektrolyt,“ vysv\u011btluje M\u00e4hne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Artur M\u00e4hne je glob\u00e1ln\u00edm mana\u017eerem segmentu vod\u00edkov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti Freudenberg Sealing Technologies.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Jednotliv\u00e9 postupy maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 s\u00edly a jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 aplikace (viz n\u00ed\u017ee). „P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me, \u017ee v\u0161echny t\u0159i technologie pro n\u00e1s budou v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch desetilet\u00edch relevantn\u00ed,“ odhaduje odborn\u00edk FST. <\/p>\n\n

Jednou z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch discipl\u00edn je nedod\u00e1vat z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm voln\u00e1 t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed, ale takzvan\u00e9 2K aplikace. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee spole\u010dnost FST integruje t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159\u00edmo do bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed desky nebo do termoplastick\u00e9ho \u010di kovov\u00e9ho r\u00e1mu, kter\u00fd desku obklopuje. Tato dvouslo\u017ekov\u00e1 integrace nab\u00edz\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm p\u0159idanou hodnotu. Mimo jin\u00e9 jim usnad\u0148uje mont\u00e1\u017e. A vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vysokou \u00farove\u0148 procesn\u00ed spolehlivosti, pokud jde o prevenci net\u011bsnost\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Za t\u00edmto \u00fa\u010delem lze t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed bu\u010f p\u0159\u00edmo nalisovat na nosi\u010d, tzv. overmoulding. Nebo se t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed a nosi\u010d mechanicky spoj\u00ed. „M\u00e1me rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s takov\u00fdmi procesy spojov\u00e1n\u00ed, tj. stabiln\u00edho spojen\u00ed elastomeru s kovem nebo plastem. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se zab\u00fdv\u00e1me r\u016fzn\u00fdmi chytr\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstupy pro elektrolyz\u00e9ry,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 M\u00e4hne. <\/p>\n\n

\n

K c\u00edli vede mnoho cest<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pokud jde o ekologickou elektrol\u00fdzu vody, t\u0159i ze \u010dty\u0159 r\u016fzn\u00fdch postup\u016f se spole\u010dnosti Freudenberg Sealing Technologies (FST) jev\u00ed jako slibn\u00e9. Jejich v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elektrol\u00fdza AEL (alkalick\u00e1 elektrol\u00fdza)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Alkalick\u00e9 elektrolyz\u00e9ry se ji\u017e celosv\u011btov\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku a jsou nejosv\u011bd\u010den\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pracuj\u00ed s relativn\u011b levn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly a vyzna\u010duj\u00ed se vysokou dlouhodobou stabilitou. Jsou ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro rozs\u00e1hlou stacion\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdrobu vod\u00edku se st\u00e1l\u00fdm nap\u00e1jen\u00edm. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinnost elektrolyz\u00e9r\u016f AEL je omezen\u00e1. Vy\u017eaduj\u00ed tak\u00e9 st\u00e1l\u00fd provoz, co\u017e je \u010din\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b vhodn\u00fdmi pro p\u0159irozen\u011b kol\u00edsaj\u00edc\u00ed dod\u00e1vky energie z v\u011btrn\u00fdch a sol\u00e1rn\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren. Elektrolyz\u00e9ry AEL pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako elektrolyt korozivn\u00ed alkalick\u00fd roztok hydroxidu draseln\u00e9ho nebo hydroxidu sodn\u00e9ho, co\u017e je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 z hlediska bezpe\u010dnosti a t\u011bsnic\u00ed techniky. Elektrolyz\u00e9ry AEL pracuj\u00ed p\u0159i omezen\u00e9m tlaku, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee vyroben\u00fd vod\u00edk mus\u00ed b\u00fdt n\u00e1sledn\u011b vysoce stla\u010den pro skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159epravu s vyu\u017eit\u00edm velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed energie. V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b zab\u00edraj\u00ed mnoho m\u00edsta a jsou velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, co\u017e je \u010din\u00ed vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 aplikace. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elektrol\u00fdza PEM (elektrol\u00fdza s protonovou v\u00fdm\u011bnnou membr\u00e1nou)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V elektrolyz\u00e9rech PEM se m\u00edsto kapaln\u00e9ho elektrolytu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 plynot\u011bsn\u00e1 „protonov\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00e1 membr\u00e1na“, zkr\u00e1cen\u011b PEM. Kompaktn\u00ed PEM elektrolyz\u00e9ry boduj\u00ed svou vysokou \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed a vyzna\u010duj\u00ed se vysok\u00fdm stupn\u011bm efektivity. Krom\u011b toho se rychle a pru\u017en\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobuj\u00ed velk\u00fdm v\u00fdkyv\u016fm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, jako je tomu u obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tento proces vy\u017eaduje pou\u017eit\u00ed drah\u00fdch drah\u00fdch kov\u016f, jako je platina nebo iridium, na elektrod\u00e1ch. Elektrol\u00fdza PEM je pom\u011brn\u011b nov\u00e1, a proto m\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b velk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l pro dal\u0161\u00ed technick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, kter\u00fd je nutn\u00fd nap\u0159\u00edklad i z hlediska odolnosti v\u016f\u010di ne\u010distot\u00e1m a \u017eivotnosti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elektrol\u00fdza AEM (elektrol\u00fdza s aniontovou v\u00fdm\u011bnnou membr\u00e1nou)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Proces „aniontov\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00e9 membr\u00e1ny“ (AEM) kombinuje n\u00e1kladov\u00e9 v\u00fdhody alkalick\u00e9 elektrol\u00fdzy s procesn\u00ed flexibilitou a \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed elektrol\u00fdzy PEM. Proto\u017ee operace prob\u00edh\u00e1 za m\u00edrn\u011b alkalick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, lze pro elektrody pou\u017e\u00edt levn\u00e9 katalyz\u00e1tory bez obsahu vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch kov\u016f. Mal\u00e9 modul\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9my lze flexibiln\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobit rostouc\u00edm po\u017eadavk\u016fm. Pr\u016fkopn\u00edkem v t\u00e9to technologii je n\u011bmecko-italsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Enapter, se kterou FST \u00fazce spolupracuje p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Stupe\u0148 technologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje je st\u00e1le pom\u011brn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fd a \u017eivotnost pou\u017eit\u00e9 membr\u00e1ny lze je\u0161t\u011b zlep\u0161it. Elektrolyz\u00e9ry AEM jsou p\u0159ednostn\u011b vhodn\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v soukrom\u00fdch domech a pro st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00e9 a komer\u010dn\u00ed aplikace, nikoli pro rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 po\u017eadavky pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch podnik\u016f. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\r\n
\r\n \r\n <\/i>\r\n <\/a>\r\n <\/span>\r\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Elektrol\u00fdza: Spole\u010dnost Freudenberg Sealing Technologies (FST) nab\u00edz\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm t\u011bsnic\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro t\u0159i p\u0159edn\u00ed technologie. Udr\u017eiteln\u00fd energetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m budoucnosti zn\u00ed ve t\u0159ech jednoduch\u00fdch v\u011bt\u00e1ch velmi jednodu\u0161e: elektrolyz\u00e9ry \u0161t\u011bp\u00ed vodu na vod\u00edk…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":14792,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1325,731],"tags":[1397],"powerkit_post_featured":[],"class_list":["post-14791","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-vodik","category-weinheim-cs","tag-vydani-01_2025-d"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14791"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14799,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14791\/revisions\/14799"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14791"},{"taxonomy":"powerkit_post_featured","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sw.fst.com\/magazine\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/powerkit_post_featured?post=14791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}